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While the presence of women and girls in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields has increased greatly in recent years, women are still drastically underrepresented in many of these non-traditional disciplines. Female students and professors continue to face systemic barriers that limit their entry into and success in these fields, many of which stem from discrimination and stereotypes about their interests and abilities – including discouragement from professors and department chairs; the absence of mentors and role models; lower salaries than those paid to men; and unequal access to resources. Women have been excluded from leadership positions, have been subject to sexual and gender-based harassment, and have failed to win deserved promotions, not to mention facing presumptions about their abilities and level of commitment to their work.
